Kihini Paraihe Kābona Pakari: Mātērihi Huinga Whakangao mō te Mahi Pūhou o te Tūhua

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Ko te āhua paraihe o te hītori karbona kaha teitei he whanaketanga hou i te mātai matēria, e tuku ana i te takotoranga iti, te pūkenga, me ngā whakamahinga māmā. Ko tēnei matēria composite advanced ko ngā hītori karbona e huruhia ana, ko ia anuanu kei te 5-10 micrometers te tawhā, e waihangatia ana hei āhua kakama e tuku ana i te ōtinga kaha-kore ake i te taumaha. E whakaatu ana tana kaha tōpiko ki te taumaha, e noho ana i waenganui i te 3000 ki te 7000 MPa, i te wā e pupuri ana i tana taumaha iti rawa. Ko tana hanganga molekua āhuahua, e mārama ana ki ngā hononga karbona-karbona kaha e rārangi ana i te tauwāhi puawaitanga, e āwhina ana i ana pūmanawa pūkenga. Ko te prosihia hanga e uru ana ki te whakarāranga i ngā taura karbona i ngā tauwāhi motuhake, ka taea te whirihora kia tutuki ai ngā here hāngai maha. Ka pai tēnei matēria ki ngā whiringa kotahi-huri, me ngā whiringa rua-huri, e taea ai te wehenga tika o te tāpoi ki ngā whakamahinga rereke. Kua torotoro te āhuatanga ki tana whai wāhi ki ngā punaha rēsini rereke, e taea ai te waihanga i ngā hanganga composite e pupuri ana i tō rātou tikanga i ngā take tino kino, tae atu ki ngā wāhi mataitai, me ngā taiao korikori. Ko ana whakamahinga e karapoti ana i te maha o ngā umanga, mai i te rangi, te motokā, ngā taputapu hākinakina, me te whakapakari i ngā aronga, ka nui te matēria ki ngā whakaratonga mātai inaianei.

Whakarāpopotonga Mōhiohio Hou

Ko te kaha o te rēwana karaihe kaha e whai ana i te maha o ngā painga e whakapono ana i te kōwhiri pai mō ngā whakamahinga rereke. Ko te tuatahi, ko tana kaha ki te pāpaku e wehe ana i ngā taputapu tawhito, e whakarato ana i te kaha e rite ki te ruatekau mā whā tekau pea ake i te kaha o te hinu i te wā e pēra ana te pāpaku, e iti ake te kaha o te pāpaku. Ko tēnei āhua e pai ana mō ngā whakamahinga e hiahiatia ana te whakaihiihi i te pāpaku kia kaua e whakaitihia te kaha o te hanganga. Ko te taputapu e whakaae ana i te kaha o te whakapā ki te whakapā, e whakauru ana i tana mahi tūturu i raro i ngā maha o ngā whakapāpātanga, e hua ai te roa o te kaha o te whakamahi me te whakaiti i ngā utu whakatika. Ko tana whakaaetanga o te rahi i runga i te haumakū o te wera e whakarato ana i te mahi tūturu i ngā tikanga o waho e rerekē ana. Ko te kaha o te taputapu ki te whakatōpūtia e whakakore ai te hiahia ki ngā kuhu tiaki, e whakaiti ai i ngā utu whakatika ake ake. Ko tana kaha o te whakawhitinga o te wera e whakarato ana i te whakamahinga e hiahiatia ana te whakaputanga o te wera, i te wā e iti ake te kaha o te whakapāpātanga o te wera e whakarato ana i te iti o ngā panonitanga o te rahi i raro i ngā panonitanga o te wera. Ko te āhua o te taputapu ki te āwherawhenga ki ngā āhua rerekē e wātea ai ngā whakautu hoahoa e korekore ana i te tōaitanga ki ngā taputapu tawhito. Ko ana āhua e whakamarumaru i ngā mōhini e hua ana mō ngā whakamahinga hiko, i te wā e korekore ana i te kaha o te whakapāpātanga e whakauru ai i te whakapāpātanga o te hinu ina whakamahia ana tahi me ētahi atu taputapu. Ko te kaha o te taputapu ki te tāpiritia ki ngā maha o ngā punaha kōpae e whakarato ana i ngā whakautu ā-hinonga e rite ana ki ngā hiahia o te whakamahinga. Anō hoki, ko tana kaha o te whakapāpātanga me te kaha ki te whakauru i te kaha e pai ana mō ngā whakamahinga e herea ana ki te haumaru.

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Ko te whāriki mātātoko hihiani whakapakari e whakaatu ana i ngā āhuatanga whakapai ake i te umanga o ngā tāpoi matua. Ko te tūwāhi takotoranga irirangi o te whāriki ka hua mai i ngā uara kaha tōtara e pā atu ana ki ngā tāpoi hanga mōhio e maha ana, e ētahi huinga e eke ana ki te 7000 MPa. Ko te kaha whakapai ake nei ka eke tū ana te iti noa o te hihiani, ko te nuinga o te wā he tata ki te 1.8 g/cm3, ka hua mai i te tauwhāinga kaha-kai-taumaha e whakarewa ai i ngā whiringa hoahoa hanga. Ko te āhua o te tāpoi ki te eke i ngā utu kaha kaua ko te whakarereke takotoranga ka nui te awherenga ki ngā tūāpapatinga kei te hungaia te kaha o te hanganga. Ko ngā āhuatanga anisotropic o te whāriki ka taea te whakapai ake mā te tohautanga hihiani motuhake, e āki ai ngā kaihoahoa ki te hanga i ngā hanganga e māmā ana ki te rāwekenga i ngā utu aronga. E āwhina ana i te āhua ki te waihanga i ngā hanganga māmā, kaha ake i ngā tāpoi tūmatanui ki ngā tūāpapatinga matua.

Te whanake o te taiao

Ko te whitiwhitinga o te taupiri karaihe kaha e toa ana he whakapai ake nui ki te roa o te rauemi me te whakapono. Kei te whakawhitinga tino pai tēnei rauemi ki ngā āhuatanga taiao e whakamāmātia ai ngā rauemi tawhito. Ko tana whitiwhitinga ki te irirangi UV ka whakauru tonu i te mahi ki ngā wāhi waho, ā, ko tana whakapataritanga ki ngā kikorangi ka whakamaru i te noho ki ngā kaha whakapōpō. Ko te iti noa te whakakaha o te rauemi ki te whakauru i te wai, kaore i te whakaiti i te mahi ki ngā wāhi pāpaku, ā, kei te pupuri tonu i ana ake āhuatanga hinahina. Ko tana āhua e taea ai te noho ki ngāpui tāpoko, e -50°C ki te 400°C te rahi ake, ka pai ai mō ngā whakamahinga ki ngā wāhi e rerekē ana te hau. Ko te whitiwhitinga o te rauemi ki te whakamāmātia me te pakaru pakaru ka whakapono ai i te roa o te wā ki ngā tikanga whakakaha.

Nga mahi whakapuaki me te whakauru

Ko te taupiri hihiani kaha te whakaratonga i te whirinakitanga hoahoa kāore i mua i te āwhina i te whakawhitinga o ngā wāhi e wātea ana ki te whanaketanga hua me ngā whakaeke pūkenga. Ka taea te whakauru i te taraweti ki te whakatutuki i ngā here whakaeke motuhake trought te rerekētanga o ngā tauira rāpoi, ngā tohenga ake, me ngā tautohenga. Ko tana pāpaku tino pai e āwhina ana i a ia kia rite ki ngā āhua pīroiroi ake i te wā kotahi te whakapono ki te hanganga, e wātea ai i te wāhi ki te whanake i ngā āhua pīroiroi e kore e taea e ngā taraweti tawhito. Ka taea e te taupiri te whakauru ki ngā taraweti matapapa katoa, e hanga ai i ngā taupiri e whakakaha ai i ngā āhua pai rawa o ngā kai e rua. Ko te whirinakitanga tēnei e toronga ana ki te whanaketanga tāone, kei hea te taraweti ka taea te tukatū ki te whakamahi i ngā tikanga maha tae atu ki te tāone ringaringa, te whakaputanga ake ake, me te whakaputanga hauhautanga. Ko te āhua o te whakauru atu i ngā āhua atu, pērā i ngā kaiwhakauru ranei, te kaiwhakarato rānei, e pai ana kia whakamahia ki ngā tāone haukaha.