mātā kāpona karboni tauwāhi matapihi toru
ko ngā taumira pātītī 3D, ko ngā taumira karaihe, ko ngā takotoranga karaihe e toa ana e whakawhanaketia ana i te hanganga o ngā taonga composite, e kapi ana i te āhua ataahua me te whakapai ake i te kaha o te hanganga. Ko ngā takotoranga motuhake he taumira karaihe ā-hāngai e whakawhitinga ana ki te hanganga 3D, e waihangatia ai tētahi āhua ā-hāngai motuhake, i te wā e whakapai ake ana i ngā āhuatanga hinapōtiki. Ko te hanganga o te takotoranga he whakawhitinga tūmatawhenua o ngā tātā karaihe i ngā tātā ki te maha o ngā tātā, e waihangatia ai tētahi tauira ā-hāngai pīroiroi e tuku ana i te kaha me te whakapai ake i te roa o te ora. Ko te hanganga tāone tākarotia e waihanga ana i tētahi taonga e toa ana ki te āhua me te mahi, e tuku ana i te whakapai ake i te whakarewa, te tukatuka kaha ake i ngā kawenga, me te whakapai ake i te pūmahara hanganga. Ko te tautuhinga taumira 3D e whakaae ana ki te whakapai ake i te horoi i te tōtō i te wā o te hanganga composite, e tiaki ai i te whakakī tōtō me te tōtōtanga tino pai i waenganui i ngā takotoranga. Ko ngā takotoranga karaihe nei he nui te uara ki ngā tāone matua kei reira ko te āhua me te mahi he nui te nuinga, pērā i ngā wāhanga motukai, ngā hanganga hōkio, me ngā taonga kaihoko rangatira. Ko te taumira karaihe kāore i te whakawhanake ā-hāngai anake engari e tāwhai ana i te kaha o te taonga ki te tuku i ngā ara kawenga maha me te whakapai ake i ngā āhuatanga takotoranga.