Kihini Kārihi Paraihe Rahi: Ngā Ratonga Matū Whaihua mō te Inihinga Amotahi

takotoranga karuhi pāpaku

Ko te rau kakau karuhi he whakapapa hou ki te ao pūtaiao tāpoi, e kapi ana i ngā āhua māmā me te whakapakari. Ko te rauwehenga hou nei he rauwehenga i hangaia mai i ngā kiriata karuhi i rōpūtia tata ki te 5-10 mira mita te tawhā, i hangaia mai i tētahi tikanga pīroiroi o te whakapai, te whakapai karuhi, me te whakapai mātātoko o ngā kiriata takotoranga. Ko te rauwehenga i puta ai he whakapakari tāpene, e rite ki te rima kia kaha ake i te hinu engari he toru wehe noa te kaha. Ko tana rūpene taketake he whakapai i te kaha ki te whakauru i te wera, ā, ka taea e ia te pupuri i te āhua takotoranga ki ngā wera e nui ake i te 2000°C. Ko te whanui o tana whakamahinga e kawea ana i ngā umanga maha, mai i ngā taputapu rererangi, ngā taputapu motuka, ngā taonga hākinakina, ki ngā whakaeke whare. Ko ngā āhua motuhake o te rauwehenga ko te whakapakari ki te whakapai i te whakapai, he iti noa te panoni o te wera, me te whakapakari ki te whakapai i ngā kimi, e pai ai mō ngā tikanga taiao uaua. Ko te tikanga whanake he whakarite i te rerekētanga o ngā kiriata, e waihangatia ai te rauwehenga ka taea te whirihora mō ngā here here o te kaha e here ana i te kaha māmā. Ko ngā whakamahinga o ēnei rā ka toro atu ki ngā taonga tiaki, ngā taputapu hauora, me ngā rauwehenga mō ngā whakaeke hau teitei.

Whakarāpopotonga Mōhiohio Hou

Ko te rāwekenga karapirau he nui ngā āhua pai e wehe ai i ngā taputapu tawhito. Ko tana kaha ki te pāpaku e āki ai te hanga i ngā hanganga kia māmā ake engari kia pakari ake hoki, ka hua ai i te nuinga o ngā tāpoi pūngao ki ngā tono whakawhitinga. Ko te aha o te taputapu ki ngā āhuatanga taiao, pērā i te pāpaku, te irirangi UV, me te noho ki ngā kikorangi, e tiaki ana i te roa o te ora me te iti noa te whakahaere. Kāore i ngā taputapu tawhito, ka taea te whakarewa i te karapirau ki te whakarato i te kaha arataki, e āki ai ngā kaihoahoa ki te whakapai ake i te mahi mō ngā tikanga utu motuhake. Ko te arataki autō o te taputapu he pai nui mō ngā tono whakamarumaru autō, ā, ko tana āhuatanga iti o te panonitanga o te wāhi e whakarite ana i te tāimata o te wāhi i te rerekētanga o ngā wāhi. Mai i te āhuatanga o te whakaputa, ka taea e te rāwekenga karapirau te whakapīroiroi ki ngā āhua pīroiroi kia kaua e pātata te kaha o te hanganga, e tuku mai ana i te mātau whakarewa. Ko te kaha ake o tana kaha ki te whakapipiri ka hua ai i te roa o te wā o te hua, e iti ai te maha o ngā whakakapi me te utu o te wā poto. Ko tana āhua ki te whakakaha i ngā vibrate he tino pai mō ngā tono kaha kei te tū tonu te pāmahana. Ko te āhua ake o te rāweke, e tohu ana i tana āhua māmā hurihuri me te āhua hou, e tāpiri ana i te uara ki ngā hua kaihoko. Anō hoki, ko tana āhua ki te whakati atu i te ahi me te iti noa te raru ki te āhua e totohu ai e whakapai ake ana i te haumaru ki ngā tono katoa.

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Whiwhi Kupu Tāpiri

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Tau Whatuapu

Tauira Whakahaere Hāpori Matatū

Ko te rauemi whakarewa karuwhiti he pai mo te whakahaere wera nā tana hanganga molekua motuhake me ngā āhuatanga rauemi. Kei te whakawhitinga wera tino pai te rauemi, e whakawhiti wera ana kia rite ki te ruatekau pea te kaha ake i ngā rauemi noa. Ko tēnei āhuatanga he nui ake te uara ki ngā wāhi wera nui i reira e hiahiatia ana te pūmahara o te wera. Ko te āhuatanga o te rauemi kia pakaru te pāpaku o te wera, e 2-3 ppm/°C tonu te rahi, e whakapumau ai i te rahi tika tonu hoki rānei i ngā wā e rereke ana te wera. Hei tauira, he pai tēnei rauemi mā ngā mahi tūmatanui ki te angitu hoki ki ngā taputapu hauropi i reira me whakapūmau tonu ngā ine tika. Ko te kaha o te rauemi kia taea ai te wera e 2000°C kia kaua e pakaru te hanganga he tāpiritanga haumaru ki ngā whakamahinga uaua.

Nga mahi mekanika matua

Ko ngā āhua hinahina o te rāpopoto kāpara e tohu ana i te whakapai ake nui ki te pūmahara pūnaha. Ko tana kaha tōtara e 3000 ki te 7000 MPa ana, e tō ana i te nuinga o ngā pūnaha hāngai ake. Ko te tikanga o te kaha o te pūnaha, e 200-600 GPa pea, ka tūtohu i te kaha nui ki te whakapēhia i raro i te kawenga. Ko te takotoranga o te kaha me te whiti he tino pai mō ngā whakamahinga hanganga kei te nui te here o te kaha. Ko te kaha o te rāpopoto ki te whakauru i te nuinga o ngā kawenga he mea tākarotia, e whakaatu ana i te iti noa te whakapā ki muri i ngā miriona kawenga. Ka arahina tēnei āhua ki te roa o te kaha whakamahi me te iti ake o ngā here whakatika i ngā whakamahinga nekeneke. Ko te āhua o te pūnaha ki te whakauru i te kaha me te whakaputua he tino pai mō te whakamarumaru i ngā pakanga me te whakamāmuri i ngā kōaru.

Ngā Tohutohu Whakaritorito Taiao

Ko te kiriata karapirina e noho whai tikanga ana ki te aronga o te taiao i ngā āhuatanga rereke o tana oranga. Ko tana kaha kaihau e arai ai i te taraiwa o te kora, e hua ai he iti ake ngā whakaputanga karapirina. Ko te kaha o te taraiwa me te kaha ki te tautohe ki ngā tikotiko aronga o te taiao ka hua ai i te roa o te kaha, e arai ai i te hiahia ki te whakakapi me te iti ake i te taraiwa. Kua whakapai ake ngā tikanga hanga hou kia iti ake te huna i te wā o te whanaketanga. Kua pai ake te whakamahi anō i te kiriata karapirina ki ngā tikanga whakarewa, e āwhina ana i te whakamahi anō i ngā karapirina karapirina ki te whakamahi anō ki ngā āhuatanga hou. Ko tēnei aronga aronga anō e āwhina ana i te aronga o te taiao i te wa e manawa tonu ana i te kounga o te taraiwa. Ko te kaha o te taraiwa ki te tautohe ki ngā āhuatanga aronga o te taiao anō hoki e arai ai i te hiahia ki ngā kiriata tiaki, ki ngā rongoā ranei e kaha ai ngā mea hāpaitia.