Ka kitea i mua i te tau 2025: Kei te tono a Haina i te ahurea āhua karaihe

Kei te piki ake te umanga karapini hiko i te tau 2024, ka piki ake te rahi o te maakete me te whakaputanga, heoi anō ka heke haere pea te utu ake ake o ngā kamupene. Kei te piki ake te hāpai ake ake i te umanga karapini hiko i te kaupapa hōtaka, ētahi huihuinga hōtaka. Ki te kitea i te tau 2025, ka hōu hoki te maakete karapini.

I. Arotake i te maakete ahumahi karaihe Haina i te tau 2024

(I) Te Āhua o te Maakete

1. Te whanake i te rahi o te maakete

Kei te whānui haere te paraihe karbona tana te Whakamahinga i te ahumahi rererangi, motokā, hikoī hau me ētahi atu nohonga nā tana aronga pai pērā i te kaha teitei, te hīroki iti, te mātauranga ki te korarora, me era atu. I te wā kotahi, i heke te utu nā te whanaketanga o ngā hangarau, ā, ko te tautoko kaupapa herehere me ētahi atu take e mahi tahi ana ki te whakapakari i te rahi o te mākeke mō te ahumahi paraihe karboni. E whakaatu ana te Pūrongo Rāwekenga Mākeke me te Rāwekenga Āhua Mō Te Ahumahi Paraihe Karboni o Haina 2025-2030” e whakaputangia ana e te Rōpū Rāwekenga Ahumahi Haina, ko te rahi o te mākeke paraihe karboni o Haina e 17.14 piriona yuan neke atu rānei i te tau 2024.

2. Te whakapakari ake i te kaha o te umanga me te wehenga autō

Kua pai ake te whakaputa i ngā kamupene karaihe karbona o Haina. Ko te Ripoata Rangahau Ahumoni Haina i whakaputahia e te Rōpū Rangahau Ahumoni Haina te “Ripoata Rangahau mā te Umanga Hoko Haina mō te tau 2025-2030 me te Tirohanga Koha” e whakaatu ana ko te mutunga o te tau 2024, kua eke te whakaputa tau o te karaihe karbona ki te 135,500 tani.

I te wehenga o te whakaputa, i te tau 2024, ko te whakaputa karaihe karbona o Haina kei te toru waahi kei te Hauauru, te Hauauru ki te Raki, me te Hauauru ki te Tonga, e toru katoa pea te 92.77%.

3. Te kohinga tauira hua

Tirohia te momo iti, i te tau 2024 ko te whakaputa karaihe karbona o Haina ki te T300, T700, T800 rānei. Ko te whakaputa T300/T400 karaihe karbona he 87,960 tani, e 64.92% pea. Ko te whakaputa T700/T800 karaihe karbona he 43,150 tani, e 31.85% pea. Ko te whakaputa o ētahi atu karaihe karbona he 4,390 tani, e 3.24% pea.

4. Te tipu ake o te whanaketanga

Ko te putanga e tipu ake ana me te tipu ake o te hiranga o te maaketi. Ko te 'Pūrongo Rangahau Maaketi a Haina mō te Industry Carbon Fiber me te Rangahau Whaiwhakaaro Koha 2025-2030' e whakaputangia ana e te Rangahau Ahumoni Hainamana Hainamana e whakaatu ana i te whanaketanga carbon fiber o Haina i te tau 2024 kua eke ki te 59,044 tana, he aha te tipu ake o te 8.16% i te tau tata ki te tau.

5. Kāore i te nui ake te kaiwhakamahi

I te tau 2024, ko te paraihe karboni o Haina hUA kua eksportia pea ngā tōne 15,172, he nui ngā hua i eksportia kia rerekē ai te whakamahi mō te mātāponga o te mātāponga o te whenua, ka iti ake ai, ka homai te āhua o te heke haere o te hiahia ki roto, engari ko te mea kei te wera atu ētahi hua ki te mātāponga o waho. Ko te “Pūrongo Rāwekenga Mātāponga Huarahi Tauhokohoko Mātāponga Hiko Huri a Haina 2025-2030 me ngā Rāwekenga Tirohanga Kohukohu” e whakaatu ana ko te whakamahinga mātāponga o te umanga hiko huri a Haina i te tau 2024 i te 60,300 tōne, he iti ake tēnei 5.41% i te tau ki muri.

6. Ko te hiahia o raro i te nuinga o te wā i ngā umanga hākinakina, ngā pāpaku hau, ngā rākau whirikōtuku hau

No te tirohanga o te hiahia o raro, kāore i rereke te hiahia o raro o te ahumahi karaihe karaihe o Haina, i ngā umanga hākinakina, ngā pāpaku hau, ngā kaipuke rākau hau, te umanga karaihe me te karaihe karaihe, e 26.1%, 24.6%, 11.6% me te 10.9%

7. Kua heke te utu ake o ngā kamupene

Kua whakatupeka te wehenga rawa pono o ngā kamupene, i te rautau tuatahi o te tau 2024, ko te wehenga rawa pono pāpaku o te pakihi e hāngai ana ki a GuangWei ko te 58.61%, ā, ko te wehenga rawa pono pāpaku o te pakihi e hāngai ana ki a ZhongJian ko te 62.11%. Kua whakapiria te maakete hokohoko paraihe a-karita karaihe kua tāwhai i te nuinga o ngā rawa me te putanga mai o ngā kamupene, kua whakarahuhia te whakaputa. Ko te whakaputanga o te karaihe karita o Haina i te tau 2023 ko te 140,800 tanara, he aha ko te 25.7% te nui ake i te tau ki muri, engari ko te iti noa te whanake i te taha inangahia, te hui tahi rānei, ko te iti noa te hiahia, ko te whakaputa e nui ake te eke, kua heke ngā utu. I te wā anō, ko te rereketanga o ngā utu rawa kaihanga, kua pakaru mai i te pikinga o te pāpaku acrylonitrile i rite ki te ngāwina o te pāpaku, i te wehenga o te karaihe karita, i te take o te heke o ngā utu hua, i te nui ake rānei o te nui o te wehenga ka pā ki te heke o te wehenga rawa pono o ngā kamupene.

(Ⅱ) Te takotoranga whawhai

Ko te takotoranga o te umanga karapirau he wehe kia toru ngā akiraa.

Ko te tuatahi o ngā akiraa ko Jilin Chemical Fiber me Zhongfu Shenying;

Ko te tuarua ko Xinchuang Carbon Valley, Xinjiang Longmu, Guangwei Compound Material, Shanghai Petrochemical me Baoging Carbon Material;

Ko te tuatoru ko ngā kamupene pērā i Zhongjian Technology me Changsheng Technology.

(III) Koha

I te tau 2024, i āwhina atu 17 kaupapa whakauru me ngā moni whakauru kia eke ki te 1.999 piriona yuang. I te 29 o Augusta, 2024, i huihui a Xinwanxing Carbon Fiber te 1 piriona yuang i te whakauru tahua B, i whakau ake ai i te nui o ngā moni whakauru o te umanga.

Mai te āhua o ngā kaupapa whakauru me ngā kaupapa hoko, ko ngā kaiwhakauru ki te ahumahi karboni whītau ko Shandong Caijin Group, Sany Heavy Energy me ētahi atu kapitali hua-kaihanga, engari ko Sequoia China, Zhenge Fund, China Science and Technology Innovation Star hoki ngā toihau mātai whakauru, tae atu ki ngā kaiwhakauru pūtea matua pērā i Shaoxing State-owned capital, Wutongtree Capital, he rerekē te tinana whakauru mō ngā kamupene karboni whītau hei kawenga i te moni anake, engari hoki i te tautoko hua-kaihanga, arataki kaupapa herehere me ētahi atu huatango ngā Rauemi , tautoko hangarau, arataki kaupapa herehere me ētahi atu āhuatanga pai.

II. Te whakatau ahuwhakapāpaku hiriwai o Haina i te tau 2025

(I) Ngā āhua whakatenatena

1. Te whakamahinga kaupapa hirihiri, ētahi atu kaupapa whakāwhina hirihiri

Kua piki ake te āwhina a te kāwanatanga o Haina i te ahumahi karaihe karaihe, ā, kua whakaputahia ētahi tautohenga herehere hei whakamaori i ngā whāinga whanaketanga o ngā karaihe karaihe rerehua me ētahi atu rāwekenga matua. Kāore ngā kaupapa herehere e whakarato noa i te tautoko moni me ngā whakatau taake, engari ka whakakaha hoki i te mahi tākarotia o te ahumahi, te whare wānanga, te rangahau me te whakapakari tangata. Ko te kaha o ngā kaupapa e neke haere ana ka whakatau i te rere o te rangahau me te whanaketanga o ngā tikanga karaihe karaihe, ka whakarahi i ana rohe whakamahinga, ā, ka whakawhanake i te ahumahi karaihe karaihe ki te taumata whanaketanga teitei ake.

2. Te ao hou ka whakapakari i te performance

Me te whakapau ake haere ngā rōpū rangahau me ngā tāpoi hou i te hangarau, ka tūmanakohia kia pai ake te mahi a te karaihe karaihe o Haina. Hei tauira, mā te whakapai ake i te tikanga whakaputa me te whakapai ake i te takotoranga o ngā rawa kua whakamahia, ka taea te whakapai ake i te kaha me te āhua o te karaihe karaihe, i te wā e iti ake ai i te utu whakaputanga. I tua atu, te karaihe hou, pērā i te kaiwhakaputa hau teitei, te kaiwhakapai pārenga, te kaha teitei me ētahi atu āhuatanga motuhake o te whanonga hou, ka whakatuwhera hoki i ngā ara tipu hou mō te ahumahi karaihe karaihe.

3. Whakapai ake i te tukutuku o ngā ratonga hei whakatairite te tipu tātai

Kua whakawhanakehia e Haina tētahi huinga umanga mai i te āhua parakore parakore, te whakarite i te āhua parakore ki te whakamahi i ngā tāpapa hui. Ko te whakahaere tahi me te whanaketanga tāraiponga o ngā umanga ki te tīmatanga me te mutunga o te huinga umanga ka whakapai ake i te mahi whakaputanga me te kounga o ngā hua. I te wā kotahi, ko te whanaketanga haere tonu o te huinga umanga ka whakapau ake i te āhua parakore ki ngā umanga rereke pērā i te noho ki te rangi, ngā waka hou hoki, ngā taputapu hākinakina, e whānui ai te whakamahi i ēnei, mā reira ka hōhonu ake te wāhi umanga ki te wāhi whakapāpaku.

(Ⅱ) Te āhua whanaketanga

1. Whanaketia ngā whakakaha

Kei te wātea katoa o te ao te nuinga o te āheinga whakaputa i te paraihe karaihe. I tētahi taha, kei te whakatakoto i ā rātou ake āra i ngā kaitoi o te ao, pērā i a Toray o Hapani, a Hershey o Amerika, me ētahi atu, kei te whakarahi tonu i te rahi o te whakaputanga. I te taha tuarua, kei te whai i ngā kaitoi whenua, pērā i a Jilin Chemical Fiber, Jiangsu Hengshen, me ētahi atu, kua whakauru ki te hanga i ngā rārangi hou. E whakapau ake ana kua 2025, ka whakapai ake te āheinga whakaputa paraihe karaihe o te ao, ina ko Haina ka noho ko te wāhi nui, e uru atu ana ki te nuinga o ngā kaupapa hou hei whakatutuki i te hiranga o te maakete e tipu haere ana.

2. Ngā tāpoi hou ka pānui tonu

Ko te hangarau, ko te hangarau hana iti me te whanaketanga hua kaha ko ngā aronga matua e rua. I te taha iti nei, kei te pakari haere te hangarau muka kiriata me te huringa karaihe karaihe, kei te utu whakapai ake i ngā utu hana, kei te whakapai ake i te utu-kaha o ngā hua. I te tāone o te performance teitei, ko te rangahau me te whanaketanga i ngā hua karaihe karaihe-kaha, kaha-kaha kei te whai hua, kia rite ki ngā here matua o te ahumahi wāhi-nui, waihanga hua-kaha teitei rānei. I runga i taua, ko te hangarau hoki hui karaihe karaihe kei te nuinga o te tāone hei whakapai ake i te whakamahinga rauemi me te whakaiti i ngā tāutuhi taiao.

3. Whakarahuitanga tāone whakamahinga

Kua whanake tonu te āhua o ngā wāhi whakamahi i te āhua parakore, kei te wāhi atamira hoki i te umanga hauropi, te umanga hau, i ngā wāhi hou hoki pērā i ngā waka kaha hou, te nekeneke rereke, ngā taputapu hākinakina rānei. I ngā waka kaha hou, ka whakamahia ki ngā kōpaki pākahiko, ngā wāhanga whare rānei hei whakamāmā i te taumaha, hei whakapai ake i te roa e eke ai; i te nekeneke rereke, ka whakamahia ki ngā wāhanga waka hei whakamāmā i te taumaha o te tinana, hei whakapai ake i te nekeneke. Me te ara ake o ngā umanga hou pērā i te ōhanga iti iti, ka whanake hoki te hiahia ki te āhua parakore ki ngā umanga pērā i ngā waka hau anō hoki, ngā waka eVTOL (electric vertical take-off and landing vehicles) rānei.